Endometrial Cancer
Understanding Endometrial (Uterine) Cancer
Endometrial cancer is a type of cancer that begins in the lining of the uterus, known as the endometrium. It is the most common cancer affecting the female reproductive system, with early detection playing a crucial role in successful treatment outcomes.
Signs and Symptoms of Endometrial (Uterine) Cancer
Recognizing the symptoms of endometrial cancer early can lead to timely diagnosis and treatment. Common symptoms include:
- Abnormal vaginal bleeding, especially after menopause
- Bleeding between periods
- Pelvic pain or discomfort
- Changes in the balance of female hormones in the body
- Pain during intercourse
- Unusual vaginal discharge
If you experience any of these symptoms, consult a healthcare provider for further evaluation.
Causes & Risk Factors
While the exact cause of endometrial cancer is unknown, several factors may increase the risk, including:
- Hormonal imbalances, particularly high estrogen levels
- Obesity
- Diabetes
- Family history of endometrial or colorectal cancer
- Early menstruation or late menopause
- Never having been pregnant
Understanding these risk factors can help in making informed lifestyle choices and discussing preventive strategies with a healthcare provider.
Diagnosis & Treatment
Diagnosis: Endometrial cancer is typically diagnosed through:
- Pelvic examination
- Transvaginal ultrasound
- Endometrial biopsy
- Hysteroscopy
Treatment Options: The choice of treatment depends on the stage and progression of the disease. Common treatments include:
- Surgery: Most patients undergo a hysterectomy (removal of the uterus), often with removal of the ovaries and fallopian tubes.
- Radiation Therapy: Used in some cases to target cancer cells and reduce the risk of recurrence.
- Hormone Therapy: Helps slow cancer growth in certain cases.
- Chemotherapy: Used for advanced stages or when cancer has spread beyond the uterus.
- Targeted Therapy & Immunotherapy: Emerging treatments that focus on attacking cancer cells with precision.
Prevention & Lifestyle Tips
Although there is no sure way to prevent endometrial cancer, adopting a healthy lifestyle can lower your risk. Consider the following:
- Maintain a healthy weight and active lifestyle
- Manage conditions like diabetes and high blood pressure
- Consider birth control pills, which may reduce risk (consult your doctor)
- Monitor hormonal levels and discuss any concerns with a healthcare provider
